What heat treatment rules apply to duplex advanced stainless steel?

Duplex advanced stainless steel requires precise solution annealing at fixed temperature ranges to achieve ideal fifty-fifty austenite and ferrite dual-phase structure. Overheating causes excessive ferrite generation and sharp toughness decline, while insufficient heating leads to uneven phase distribution and reduced chloride corrosion resistance. Rapid uniform cooling after heat treatment avoids harmful brittle intermetallic precipitates at grain boundaries. Unlike carbon steel, quenching and tempering are not applicable; improper thermal processing will completely destroy the core comprehensive performance of duplex advanced stainless steel components.